Perrines Literature Structure, Sound, and Sense. Eleventh Ed. ch. 1-8 Essay Example

Perrines Literature: Structure, Sound, and Sense. Eleventh Ed. ch. 1-8 Paper Analysis a breaking up into constituent parts explification literally an unfolding escape literature pure entertainment. written to pass time agreeably interpretive literature broadens deepens sharpens our awareness of life commercial fiction solely to entertain. immediate pleasure. escape world. happy end literary fiction to enlighten. intellectual pleasure. real world. unhappy end plot arrangement of actions or indecencies conflict clash of ideas protagonist cheif charector antagonist any opposing force suspense makes reader ask what will happen next mystery an unusual set of circumstances for which an explanation is craved dilemma choose between 2 undesired actions surprise creates suspense surprise ending unexpected turn or twist happy ending protagonist solves problems. defeats adversary wins unhappy ending unpleasant outcome intermediate ending no definite ending is reached artistic unity works together for central purpose plot manipulation plot has a twist that is unjustified by the previous actions rising action development of a plot that leads up to climax climax turning point in the plot falling action segment of plot that comes between climax and conclusion direct presentation author directly states what happens indirect presentation author sets it up dramatize presentation of a charactor by emotion rather than exposition flat charector only 1 or 2 dominant traits round charector many sided. 3 dimensional stock charector stereotyped, often reoccur in fiction static charector stays same developing charector changes in character, personality, or outlook. theme central idea point of view angle of vision through which a story is told omniscient 3rd person POV, author knows all, tells everything Limited omnicsient limited to complete knowledge of charector first person POV told by charector objective POV 3rd person. limits telling what character says does. Dramatic POV doesnt interpret behavior Symbol means more than what it is irony situation involving discrepancy verbal irony figure of speech is opposite whats meant dramatic irony what charector says what reader knows to be true differ situational irony appearance reality differ sentimentality unmerited tender feeling- falsification of reality editorliaize instructs reader how to think feel poetisize sways readers feelings fanstasy pictures creatures, or events beyond known reality soliliquy thinking out loud aside charector lets audience know what they really think feel instead of what is pretened dramatic conventions anything dramatic chorus group chanting in unison narrator speaks to audience. tragedy depicts downfall of protagonist comedy happy ending human limitation scornful comedy expose ridicules human folley romantic comedy people rescued- good fortune restored deus ex machina god from the machine resolution of plot by highly improbable chance farce drama- improbable situation. articulated plot hamartia greek tradgedy- criminal act committed in ignorance or for sake of greater good catharasis aristotle- emotional release at end of successful tradgedy hubris tradgic heroes downfall by excessive pride

School Violence Essay example

School Violence Essay example School Violence Essay example School Violence (Bullying) School violence has gone on for as long as schools have been open. Psychologists categorize the different types of school violence into three separate categories; verbal,physical, and retaliation. They say Verbal is the most impacting type of school bullying cause it stays with you longer and has more psychological effects on the victim. While physical shows signs,retribution is mainly a backlash of students excluding and ignoring the victim. It has become a society problem, although sometimes its not acknowledged we all know its there. It usually takes something massive to bring everyone’s attention to the problem, such as Columbine shooting. There are several instances that are not as publicized as the Columbine but they still impact the community. Such as the mother arrested for chocking her daughters bullier, or the young girl that hung herself, and even the coach that joined in on the bullying of a student. Bullying takes place more than just in school, its cyber as well and harder to stop. There was an instance in Florida where the mother of a teen girl was concerned when her daughter was slipping into depression and having suicidal thoughts because of a cyber-bully. Since the systems have not caught up to the cyber world most cases are hard to get a result from reporting it. The daughter took the steps to stop this by informing the schools resource center and the police of the incidents going on, yet they did nothing to help. With the mom concerned for her daughter she ended up loosing it when she saw her daughters tormentor in the mall. She ended up chocking the teenager and landing in jail. Her daughter was under verbal bullying, which is the highest form and longest lasting of the three bullying categories. The mother taking things into her own hands, in my opinion, wasn’t the best thing to do, but sometimes you get to where you have limited options and the primal side comes out. Most people think school violence is focused on certain types of people, such as the poor, younger and social misfits. Even though most the stories you hear are generally about the kid that wore black and stayed in the corner type, its not always true. Even the popular pretty people can be a victim as well. Such as in the case of the teenage girl that hung herself. She was a beautiful girl in the popular crowd that was described as having a lot of friends and being well liked by all. But she became the main target for other girls out lashings. They would bully her about being to pretty and to popular, they started degrading her bringing her down to the lowest levels they could get her to. She finally broke and committed suicide by hanging herself in her room, she didn’t die a slow death she died six days later while on life support. When they canvased the school for information a lot of students informed the parents and officials that in the recent proceeding months she has b een the victim of harsh bullying, including verbal, physical and retaliation bullying. Since no one truly know the reason for the targeting of this young girl, it makes it harder to find how to stop this vicious cycle. Physiologists do believe it is an learned action to bully people. Another misconception of school violence is that it is only carried out by the students, this too is not the case. Anyone can be the tormentor or the victim, such as the case of the gym teacher that joined in on the physical bullying of a teenage student. Since violence is all around a very horrible thing it doesn’t help when the teacher is implementing or encouraging it. That is what happened in a Washington school, the teacher and rest of the class were physically hurting another student during study time. They were pinning him down writing on him, putting cones on his head and stuffing socks in his mouth to muffle the screams while they were swinging him by his limbs around the room. Some students thinking it was so cool to do video taped

Communicable disease Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Communicable disease - Assignment Example A chain of infections is usually made up of 6 causing factors, these are; the infectious agent which are usually the disease causing organisms, the reservoir which is the natural environment the pathogens need for their survival, the portal of exit which is the means by which the pathogens leave the reservoir which is the infected person, the means of transmission which is usually either direct or indirect i.e. physical contact, unprotected sex, the air, or parasites, the portal of entry which is either inhalation, penetration or ingestion, and finally the new host of whom the disease causing pathogens attack. Immunity is the state of having total biological defense to fight disease as well as infections. There are two main types of immunity these are adaptive immunity and innate immunity. Innate immunity is the ability of one’s body to defend itself against infections naturally and it’s a form of body defense one is born with. However, adaptive immunity that is usually subdivided into various categories is a form of immunity that one acquires after weakened disease causing pathogen is introduced into the body making the body develop adapt and develop immunity. In September 2014 onwards, the Center for Disease Control (CDC) as well as other partners have spent countless efforts in investigating reports among children in the USA that have developed sudden weakness in either one of their limbs. MRI scans reveal that children with such symptoms have an inflammation of the grey matter nerve cells that are usually in the spinal cord located in the vertebrate. This infectious disease is Acute Flaccid Myelitis. From the month of August to April this year, CDC has verified reports of more than 118 children in over 34 states including Florida and the county of Miami Dade that have developed the disease. Majority of the children are about 7 years of age and due to the disease have been hospitalized and put

Global Managerial Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Global Managerial Economics - Essay Example This essay presents answers on several questions about the United States and it's role and impacts on global managerial economics. Firstly, the researcher aims to explain why the United States would subsidize the short run costs of production for tobacco farmers in foreign countries and how does this practice shift the equilibriums (price and output) for tobacco and domestic food items. Any form of incentive is helpful to the tobacco farmer as well as the local economy which rely on the income of these industries to generate employment. Then, the researcher presents an analysis of both the local and international effects of this issue, such as an increase in marginal and average value of employment, because the incentives/subsidies could afford wage increase and this translates into an increase of production for existing firms and the incentive for new players to start-up with positive externalities. This essay then describes the case with Acme Motors and what are the production gain s to the entire company from the facility in Nuevo Laredo specializing in Autoturbo Quattro engines. The researcher also discusses why do they just make engines in Nuevo Laredo rather than the entire auto. In addition, the researcher analyzes why would Acme Motors shift its production of engines from Detroit to Mexico and then shift the engines back to the United States and what are the gains and losses for consumers in these types of international production and trading patterns, that were described.

EU institutional law and policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

EU institutional law and policy - Essay Example 10 new countries that acceded to the European Union in 2004 (Hungary, Poland, the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, and the Mediterranean islands of Malta and Cyprus), all intend to join third stage of the EMU in the next ten years, though their precise timing depends on various economic factors. Similarly, those countries who are currently negotiating for entry will also take the euro as their currency in the years following their accession. Prior to adopting the euro, a member state has to have its currency in the European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM II) for two years. Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Slovenia and Slovakia are the current participants in the exchange rate mechanism"(Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union, en.wikipedia.org, referred on 06.05.2006)1 The main objective of the euro is to maintain price stability within the European Union, and at the same time support EU general economic policies, such as the principle of an open market economy, with free competition. "Within fiscal policy, the euro area countries must manage public finances so as to guarantee a sustainable growth, as envisaged in the EU Treaty. A Stability and Growth Pact was adopted, through which all Member States acknowledged the need of a sound fiscal policy for the smooth functioning of the EMU. The Pact comprises three legally binding elements: A resolution passed by the European Council that lays down a firm commitment of its Member States, Commission and the Council to implement the Stability and Growth Pact. A Council regulation that calls for the strengthening of the surveillance of all budgetary positions and co-ordination of economic policies. The key features of these programmes are the specification of national medium- term budgetary targets set close to balance or in surplus. This allows countries to pursue anti-cyclical fiscal policies without breaching the 3% reference value of the deficit. The Stability and Growth Pact is a Council regulation on speeding up and clarifying the implementation of the excessive deficit procedure. If there are no exceptional circumstances and the deficit is considered excessive, the Council will immediately issue a recommendation to the Member State concerned. A maximum of four months is then allowed for the country to take effective action to correct the situation. If the Council considers that the measures are not effective, the next step of the procedure will be engaged" (Stability and Growth Pact, www.bportugal.pt, referred on 06.05.2006)2 As trade between the EU Member States mounted, the member states found EMU as the natural complement of the single

Symbolism Used In Young Goodman Brown English Literature Essay

Symbolism Used In Young Goodman Brown English Literature Essay The short story Young Goodman Brown by Nathanial Hawthorne is written as an allegory and focuses on the temptation that human nature faces daily. Due to the style in which the story is written it is necessary to focus on the symbolism to try and understand the underlying meaning of the story. While reading the story the reader is able to experience different reactions and feelings due to the fact that the symbolism makes the story more relatable. The reader is then left at many times to wonder and assume the significance of each character, idea, name or object holds in the story. It seems that it is necessary to incorporate the symbolism into the story because without it the audience wouldnt have been bothered to discover what the story really represents. The beginning of the story starts out with Young Goodman Brown and his wife Faith in their home talking. He is explaining to her that he needs to go on a journey This one night must I tarry away from thee. My journey, as thou callest it, forth and back again, must needs to be done (Meyer 325) and that when he gets back they can finally enjoy their newly married life. She continuously asks him not to go prithee put off your journey until sunrise, and sleep in your own bed tonight (325), and while he considers it for a point in time, he ends up leaving anyways. She begs him to be careful and at first the reader is unaware of where he is going, but he makes it clear that he must go and that it serves some evil purpose. After Faith assures him that she will be awaiting his return, he feels more confident in his journey. By her restoring the idea that she will be waiting for him Faith shows that she symbolizes the true idea of Faith and innocence. Through the story it also seems that she symbolizes his faith in religion and staying true to his religion and resisting the urge to fall into the temptation of Evil. When she asks him to stay, and he considers it, it was symbolizing that, while he was being tempted to sin, his faith in his religion and to his innocence kept calling him back. Although he didnt want to necessarily abandon his faith, he felt he had to go on this journey now that he knew that when he came back from his journey she would be there. This is symbolizes the true idea of religion, that is that there is always a rebirth and somebody is always able to reconcile their sins once they realize what theyve done and take responsibility for their past indiscretions. A little ways into the story after Young Goodman Brown leaves Faith, he wonders into the Forest with a new appreciation for being alone. However a little ways into the forest he realizes that he might not be the only person in this forest There may be a devilish Indian behind every tree, What if the devil himself should be at my very elbow? (325). The reader may then start to think, that although Young Goodman Brown wanted to go on this journey he is now fully aware, that whatever evil purpose this journey serves, he may come face to face right with the devil and not even know it. At the next moment when he comes across the old man, he doesnt think much of this old man except that he looks like an older version of himself, but it seems clear that this old man serves some sort of purpose. When the old man asks him where he has been, he answers Faith kept me back awhile (326) symbolizing both the fact that his wife kept trying to keep him from going and also that his religious faith ke pt summoning him back telling him not to go. The reader is then constantly left wondering exactly who this man is, especially as he appears right after Young Goodman Brown makes the statement about how the devil could be right next to him, and he would have no idea. It is at this point that he begins to have some doubts about going any further on his journey and makes the reader wonder why he would be so hesitant to continue. Based on the story it seems that the old man symbolizes the devil and Young Goodman Brown was hesitant to continue his journey because he was concerned that if was to continue he may come upon the devil in a human form. It really does seem that the old man is the devil in disguise, showing how easy it is to get caught up in temptation as it human nature to surround everybody. The old man would symbolize this because nobody would expect temptation to come in the form of an old man, especially an old man that reminds a person of them. That is why it seems important that Young Goodman Brown referred to the old man as an older version of himself. For Young Goodman Brown to make a statement about the devil, so early in his journey it makes it seem as if he expected the devil to appear and he hoped that his faith would keep him safe. At one point the old man tries to persuade Goodman Brown to venture further into the forest even when he doesnt want to anymore Too far! Too far! (326) symbolizing that once youve been tempted to do something wrong, all it takes to bring yourself back is to realize it is wrong. However the old man was able to convince him to carry on. This shows that temptation has a strange way of enticing people do things they dont always want to do, because in the end they hope in the end their faith will stop them from any harm. The forest itself seems to be one if not the most important symbol because he willingly walked into the forest and could have just as easily walked out once he came upon the old man. The forest did not keep him hostage, he could have left any time, he had a way out but instead he chose to continue, symbolizing that in life nobody can make a person do something they dont want to do. Although he felt that the old man was nothing but trouble he was intrigued by the things the old man was saying and was willing to follow him, even though he knew in the back of his mind that he was abandoning his faith, both literally and figuratively. It seems that the symbolism used throughout the short story Young Goodman Brown is an important part of the story. The symbolism used helps the reader to understand the under lying meaning behind the characters and objects that Young Goodman Brown encountered. In the end it seemed to be that the resemblance between the old man and Young Goodman Brown was more than just coincidence. This comparison was used to explain the whole story that it was not the devil that caused him to make these mistakes, but Young Goodman Brown himself, and that idea symbolizes that no matter what temptation a person encounters, nobody can make a person do evil but themselves. Work Cited Meyer, Michael. The Compact Bedford Introduction to Literature: Boston/New York: Bedford/ST. Martins. 2009. Print

Relativism vs. Christianity Essay -- Ethics Morals Values

Standards of right and wrong are the mere products of time and culture. Morality is a neutral concept - there is no such thing as an absolute right or wrong. Instead, morality is defined by what is 'good' or 'bad' in a given society, by the social norms. What held true one thousand, one hundred, or even twenty years ago may or may not hold true now. The human race has grown and continues to expand; our technology, culture, customs, and laws constantly change and evolve. Perception is reality. What one believes to be right or wrong could be completely different from what someone else believes. I believe that abortion is a much-needed aspect of society. You might disagree completely. Which position is morally correct? Everything you believe, you believe because you were taught in some way shape or form. Is it wrong to kill? "Of course", a modern American citizen would respond. Ask this to a member of the ancient Yanomamo tribe and they would not only disagree, but they would find it to be a common and accepted act among their people. Upon an Emperor’s death, Samurai would take the lives of their willing friends as a sign of honor and respect. It is hard to judge exactly what good and bad are, because their definitions change as time goes by. Morals will never stop evolving, so something that may be â€Å"good† or ethical by today’s standards, may be â€Å"evil† in the future. The greatest good is in the eye of the beholder. Relativism does not allow for the existence of an absolut...